Gastrointestinal disorders are used to describe any disease or condition that is a result of the gastrointestinal tract. The organs that form the GI tract include our mouth, stomach, esophagus small intestine, large intestine and the anus.

Our GI tract, in conjunction with our pancreas, our liver and gallbladder make our digestive system. A vast system of blood vessels supplies blood to these organs , and also transfer nutrients to various organs within the body. Hormones and nerves collaborate to regulate the function within the digestive tract.

The the bacteria in the GI tract (called the gut flora, or microbiome) contribute to digestion and immunity as well as our overall well-being. A membranous syringe called the peritoneum keeps all of the digestive organs together.

Many different ailments or illnesses can be affecting the GI tract, and can may affect digestion or our general health. Certain diseases have similar symptoms and additional tests may be needed before a physician can arrive at an assessment. Colon cancer treatment and the most frequent gastrointestinal conditions are:

·         Celiac illness:

Celiac disease is a severe autoimmune condition in which the small intestine becomes hypersensitive to gluten. The consumption of gluten triggers the immune system in the body to fight the small intestinal tract. This leads to destruction of the villi in the small intestine. Villi are tiny finger-like projections that aid in the absorption of nutrients.

Celiac disease can begin at any time and the symptoms include bloating, changes to the bowel habits (either constipation or diarrhea) and swelling, rashes and a slow growth rate for children. The only cure currently available for celiac disease is a life-long adherent to the strict gluten-free diet.

·        Constipation:

Constipation refers to the word used to describe the problems or infrequency with passing stool (feces). There are many people who experience regular bowel movements and the amount interval between movements prior to constipation may differ between each person.

When people are constipated, the stools they pass are typically tiny and dry. They are also hard and hard to get rid of. Other signs could include bloating or distention of the stomach as well as pain when having a bowel movement. Hemorrhoids typically occur when constipation is present.

There are a variety of reasons for constipation, including dehydration, low fiber content in your eating habits, pregnancy lack of activity or the use of certain drugs (such as iron supplements, antidepressants, as well as opioids). Laxatives are a great option to relieve constipation, and lifestyle changes can stop it from occurring again.

·        Crohn’s Disease

It is a chronic intestinal illness which causes inflammation of the GI tract, ranging from the oral cavity and the tetanus, however that area that connects the small intestine to the large intestine the most frequently affected.

The cause is not known but it is more prevalent among “Westernized” countries, tends to run in families and diet and stress can cause the condition to worsen. It can be accompanied by diarrhea that lasts for a few weeks as well as abdominal pain or weight loss.

About 50% of patients who suffer from Crohn’s disease see mucus or blood in their feces. Others might experience an urgency to empty their bowels, or feel a sense of insufficient elimination. The treatment options for Crohn’s disease include amino salicylates, corticosteroids biologics and immunomodulators. Surgery could also be an alternative.

·        Diarrhea

symptoms are frequently loose and watery stool (feces) that are often associated with the need to rush to the bathroom. A stomach cramp or abdominal pain may be a sign of diarrhea, as can nausea, or even vomiting. The virus is a frequent reason for diarrhea.

especially noroviruses that are a frequent cause of vomiting and diarrhea incidents on cruise vessels. Other common causes are bacteria such as campylobacter or salmonella; Escherichia Coli as well as giardia, certain medical illnesses (such such as Celiac illness or Crohn’s) as well as food intolerances and medications.

Anti-diarrhea medicines like diphenoxylate or loperamide help reduce bowel movements and electrolyte solutions are helpful to treat dehydration that typically occurs when there is an excessive amount of diarrhea. Other medications like antibiotics could also be required.

·        Diverticular disease

The condition is called diverticular. It’s a persistent disease in which tiny pockets, also known as out-pouchings or diverticula, develop within the bowel. Diverticula can get damaged when undigested food is trapped inside them, causing constipation and pain.

It can also cause sometimes nausea, fever or cramping. This is also known as diverticulitis.

Diverticular disease is a common condition and affects half of individuals over the age of 60. A diet that is low in fiber is believed to be the primary reason, though some are predisposed genetically to the condition.

A lot of people suffering from diverticular disease do not show any symptoms. the condition is usually detected during a colonoscopy test for colorectal cancer. The treatment is typically an energizing diet that is high in fiber and an occasional painkiller.

·        Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder (GERD):

GERD is often referred to as heartburn as well as acid reflux. It is caused in the ring of muscle fibers which is around the opening into the stomach (known as the lower esophageal Sphincter) is weak and instead of being tight to stop the backflow of food into the esophagus, it stays partially open.

Which allows partially digested stomach acid as well as food to escape back into the esophagus, which causes irritation. The most common symptoms of GERD are heartburn, regurgitation, nausea and chest pain. GERD is usually treated using antacids, H2 blockers as well as Proton Pump Inhibitors.

·        Hemorrhoids as well as the anal fissures:

Hemorrhoids occur when the anal cushions (which are tiny areas of vein-containing tissue that close the anal opening to prevent incontinence) get enlarged and engorged. They can develop externally or internally , and both types usually bleed after an bowel motion occurs.

External hemorrhoids appear like tiny grapes in a bunch and be extremely tender, red, and itchy when they are inflamed. Hemorrhoids in the internal area can create a sensation of pressure in the rectum but aren’t typically apparent.

In rare instances, they may cause a prolapse (“pop”) from the inside of the rectum in response to the bowel movements, and this can be extremely painful. Treatment involves hemorrhoid creams or suppositories. Other therapies that are specialized including sclerotherapy laser treatment or surgery could be needed.

Anal fissures are tiny rips in the thin tissue that runs along the anus. They are very common in infants, and usually occur during large bowel movements. The use of laxatives and increasing the amount of fiber contained in the diet can help to pass stool and also keep anal fissures away from developing.

·        Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS):

IBS is described in the American College of Gastroenterology as ” Abdominal discomfort associated with altered bowel habits”. It generally takes 3 years, and at the very least three doctors before being given the diagnosis for IBS. The difficulty in diagnosis lies in the various manifestations of IBS.

The symptoms are similar to many other ailments that can cause symptoms, including endometriosis giardia, food allergy, or inflammatory bowel diseases, and the majority of these require a thorough examination before the diagnosis of IBS can be established.

Treatment depends on the kind of IBS the patient suffers from (ie constipation, or diarrhea that is predominant) and generally includes medication as well as dietary adjustments.